Camera Traps Can Be Heard and Seen by Animals

A PLoS ONE study showing that camera traps can be heard and seen by animals. The companion cites it as the biological example for level 1 of the observer-modeling ladder (Table 2), reacting to an observer's presence. It shows that observer effects are familiar in field biology, though animals climb only to the third or perhaps fourth rung.

Cited in

the companion paper (Companion Table 2)

Used for

P9Table 2 (level 1); P9

Strand

Studying up: reflexivity, observation & method · Observer effects & deception in animals

Cite

@article{meek2014camera,
  title = {Camera Traps Can Be Heard and Seen by Animals},
  author = {Paul D. Meek and Guy-Anthony Ballard and Peter J. S. Fleming and Michael Schaefer and Warwick Williams and Greg Falzon},
  year = {2014},
  journal = {PLoS ONE},
  doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0110832},
}