Lasting recognition of threatening people by wild American crows

A study showing that wild American crows recognize threatening people for years. The companion cites it as the biological example for level 2 of the observer-modeling ladder (Table 2), recognizing and remembering individual observers. Its datasphere counterpart is an agent that names its evaluator, and one of its staff, from inside a sandbox.

Cited in

the companion paper (Companion Table 2)

Used for

P9Table 2 (level 2); P9

Strand

Studying up: reflexivity, observation & method · Observer effects & deception in animals

Cite

@article{marzluff2010lasting,
  title = {Lasting recognition of threatening people by wild American crows},
  author = {John M. Marzluff and Jeff Walls and Heather N. Cornell and John C. Withey and David P. Craig},
  year = {2010},
  journal = {Animal Behaviour},
  doi = {10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.12.022},
}