Swarm Ecology
layer 3 · theory

preprint · The agent economy

Vending-Bench: A Benchmark for Long-Term Coherence of Autonomous Agents

Axel Backlund, Lukas Petersson · 2025

A preprint by Axel Backlund and Lukas Petersson of Andon Labs. It tests whether models stay coherent over a long run by having them run a simulated vending business, starting with $500. The best model, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, ended with a mean net worth of $2,217.93, against $844.05 for a person who played for five hours. But "all models have runs that derail", and the best model's worst run ended at $476. The site cites it as an early test of an agent running a business on its own.

Cited in
a method page on this site (Method: when could an agent earn its keep alone?)
Used for
Earning; running a business alone
Strand
The agent economy · Agents earning, working & fundraising

Cite

@misc{backlund2025vending,
  title = {Vending-Bench: A Benchmark for Long-Term Coherence of Autonomous Agents},
  author = {Axel Backlund and Lukas Petersson},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.15840},
}