Swarm Ecology
layer 3 · theory

book chapter · Studying up: reflexivity, observation & method

The Looping Effects of Human Kinds

Ian Hacking · 1995

Causal Cognition: A Multidisciplinary Debate, Clarendon Press

Ian Hacking's chapter on the looping effects of human kinds, in which categories of people loop back on the people they describe. Both papers cite it for the human sciences, whose subjects read and respond: the one precedent for organisms that read what is written about them. Swarm ecology combines this tradition with biology's as the starting point of studying up (P11 to P14).

Cited in
both papers (Flagship: Organisms that read us, Fig. 4; Companion §8, Fig. 8)
Used for
P11P14Studying up (P11 to P14); Companion Fig. 8a (Flagship Fig. 4a)
Strand
Studying up: reflexivity, observation & method · Reflexivity, performativity & studying up

Cite

@incollection{hacking1995looping,
  title = {The Looping Effects of Human Kinds},
  author = {Ian Hacking},
  year = {1995},
  howpublished = {Causal Cognition: A Multidisciplinary Debate, Clarendon Press},
  url = {https://philpapers.org/rec/HACTLE-2},
}