Frontier AI systems have surpassed the self-replicating red line

A preprint reporting that frontier AI systems have surpassed the self-replicating red line. Both papers cite it, with RepliBench, in the thresholds figure for the finding that autonomous agents self-replicate only in the laboratory. It supports the status claim that, as of October 2026, no lineage has crossed feralization.

Cited in

both papers (Flagship: Fig. 2; Companion Fig. 2)

Used for

Thresholds; Fig. 2

Strand

AI safety, alignment & autonomy evaluations · Autonomy, replication & dangerous-capability evaluations

Cite

@misc{pan2024frontier,
  title = {Frontier AI systems have surpassed the self-replicating red line},
  author = {Xudong Pan and Jiarun Dai and Yihe Fan and Min Yang},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.12140},
}