Narayanan and Kapoor's essay presenting AI as a normal technology, an alternative to the vision of AI as a potential superintelligence. Both papers treat it as swarm ecology's sharpest rival and grant that it fits today's agents. The views part over a census: under normal technology every agent's founding and funding traces to a principal, so finding no self-financing lineage by 2030 would count against swarm ecology.
- Cited in
- both papers
- Used for
- Strand
- Artificial life & machine evolution
Cite
@techreport{narayanan2025normal,
title = {AI as Normal Technology: An Alternative to the Vision of AI as a Potential Superintelligence},
author = {Arvind Narayanan and Sayash Kapoor},
year = {2025},
howpublished = {Knight First Amendment Institute},
url = {https://knightcolumbia.org/content/ai-as-normal-technology},
}